List available NOAA CDO datasets with their IDs, names, and temporal coverage. Returns all ~11 datasets by default (no required parameters). Optionally filter to datasets that contain a specific data type, cover a location or station, or overlap a date range. Common datasets: GHCND (daily observations, 1763–present), GSOM (monthly summaries), GSOY (annual summaries), NORMAL_DLY/MLY/ANN/HLY (1981–2010 climate normals). Use this first to discover available datasets before calling noaa_climate_fetch_data.
List data categories that group related data types — Temperature, Precipitation, Wind, Pressure, Sunshine, Sky cover, Weather Type, and more. Use to discover what types of measurements are available before calling noaa_climate_list_data_types. Optionally filter by dataset, location, station, or date range. There are 42 categories in total.
List available data types (measurement labels like TMAX, TMIN, PRCP, SNOW) for a given dataset or category. Pass a datasetId to see what is measured in that dataset, or a datacategoryId (e.g., "TEMP") to see all temperature-related types. Hundreds of types exist across all datasets. Use this before calling noaa_climate_fetch_data when the data type IDs are unknown. Common GHCND types: TMAX (max temperature), TMIN (min temperature), PRCP (precipitation), SNOW (snowfall), SNWD (snow depth), AWND (average wind speed).
List the location categories that scope noaa_climate_find_locations — CITY, CLIM_DIV, CLIM_REG, CNTRY, CNTY, HYD_ACC, HYD_CAT, HYD_REG, HYD_SUB, ST, US_TERR, and ZIP. Call this first when you do not know which locationCategoryId to pass, including the hydrological categories needed to reach a basin or region. There are 12 categories in total. This endpoint takes pagination and sort only — NOAA CDO ignores dataset, location, station, and date filters here, so none are offered.
Search for geographic locations by category (CITY, ST, CNTY, CNTRY, ZIP, CLIM_REG, etc.). Returns location IDs used in station search and data queries. Without locationCategoryId, returns all location types; noaa_climate_list_location_categories lists the valid values. Use locationCategoryId=ST to list US states (51 entries — small enough to retrieve completely). To find a location by name, pass nameContains alongside locationCategoryId — the CDO API has no name parameter, so this server enumerates the category and matches the substring itself. It works for any category under the size limit stated on nameContains, which is every category except ZIP; a datasetId or datacategoryId filter can bring a category back under that limit. For a category still too large, sort alphabetically with sortField=name and page through results. Location IDs: states as FIPS:37 (NC), cities as CITY:US530018 (Seattle), zip codes as ZIP:98101, countries as FIPS:US. Obtain location IDs here, then pass them to noaa_climate_find_stations or noaa_climate_fetch_data.
Search for weather observation stations by location, bounding box, dataset, and data type. Returns station IDs, names, coordinates, elevation, and data coverage dates. Filter by locationId (e.g., "FIPS:37" for all NC stations), extent (lat/lon bounding box), datasetId, datatypeId, and date range. Station IDs returned here are used as stationId in noaa_climate_fetch_data. A station must have data for the dataset and date range you want — filter by datasetId and startDate/endDate to ensure compatibility. Common station ID formats: GHCND:USW00024233, COOP:010008.
Fetch full metadata for a single weather station by its ID (e.g., "GHCND:USW00024233", "COOP:010008"). Returns name, coordinates, elevation, and the full date range for which data is available. Use when you have a station ID from noaa_climate_find_stations and want its complete details, or to verify a station before querying data.
Fetch historical observation records from a NOAA CDO dataset for a given date range. Requires datasetId (e.g., GHCND for daily, GSOM for monthly), startDate, and endDate. Optionally scope to specific stations, locations, and data types. Date range limits per request: sub-daily, daily, and radar datasets (GHCND, PRECIP_15, PRECIP_HLY, NORMAL_DLY, NORMAL_HLY, NEXRAD2, NEXRAD3) are limited to 1 year; monthly and annual datasets (GSOM, GSOY, NORMAL_MLY, NORMAL_ANN) are limited to 10 years. A full calendar year always fits, leap years included — the limit runs to the end of the calendar month 1 (or 10) years after startDate. For climate normals (NORMAL_*), use startDate=2010-01-01 and endDate=2010-12-31 — that is the API proxy year regardless of which 30-year period is being described. Returns flat tuples of { date, datatype, station, value, attributes }. Strongly recommended: pass units=metric or units=standard — without it, GHCND values are raw tenths-of-unit integers (TMAX=256 = 25.6°C, PRCP=12 = 1.2mm). GSOM/GSOY are already scaled.
Search the NCEI Storm Events Database for one calendar year — tornadoes, hail, floods, hurricanes, winter storms, heat, and every other NWS Storm Data event type, with magnitude, direct and indirect deaths and injuries, property and crop damage, and the episode and event narratives. This is a different NOAA corpus from the CDO tools on this server: it carries discrete severe-weather events rather than station observations, needs no token, and is published as one bulk file per year, so year is required. Filter with state (the full upper-case name NCEI writes, e.g. "FLORIDA" — not the postal code "FL"), eventType (the exact NWS label, e.g. "Tornado", "Hail", "Flash Flood", "Hurricane (Typhoon)", matched case-insensitively), month, and minDamageInUsd. Damage arrives from NCEI as a magnitude-suffixed string ("75.00K", "1.20M", "1.00B") and is returned as both the raw cell and a parsed dollar amount; an unreported figure is omitted entirely rather than reported as zero, and minDamageInUsd therefore excludes those rows and says how many it dropped. Results come back in the source file's own row order, paged with limit and offset, and totalCount is the true match count for the whole year.
Query NOAA/NCEI’s Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters — the curated record of US disasters whose damage passed $1 billion, with CPI-adjusted and unadjusted costs, deaths, and one of seven classes (Drought, Flooding, Freeze, Severe Storm, Tropical Cyclone, Wildfire, Winter Storm). Every cost returned is in WHOLE US DOLLARS: NCEI declares a different unit in each export — millions for the per-event file, billions for the national per-year file — and this server converts from whichever unit the file declares, echoing it back as declaredCostUnit. Default calls return individual disasters; summary=true returns per-year counts and costs by class plus an "All Disasters" total. Filter with startYear/endYear (a disaster overlapping either end is included), disasterType (exactly as NCEI writes it, e.g. "Tropical Cyclone"), minCostInUsd, and state (a two-letter US postal code). Coverage runs from 1980 to the last year NCEI has finished assessing — currently 2024, not the current calendar year — and coveredYears reports what the export holds. Under a state scope, per-event rows are national disasters that reached that state and carry the NATIONAL cost, never a state share, so summing states double-counts; per-year rows carry a binned cost range instead of a point estimate. This is a different NOAA corpus from the CDO tools and from noaa_climate_search_storm_events: no token, and the curated set of major disasters rather than every severe-weather event.